. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: AIDS Behav. 2016 Jul;20(7):1514–1526. doi: 10.1007/s10461-015-1088-9

Table I.

Summary of Message Frames and Example Messages

Percentage-based versus paraphrased efficacy information
Percentage-based PrEP is 92% effective when used every day. PrEP can range from 44% to 92% effective depending on adherence. When used daily, PrEP has an 8% failure rate.	Paraphrased PrEP is highly effective. PrEP can range from somewhat effective to highly effective depending on adherence. When used daily, PrEP has a low failure rate.
Range-based versus point estimates of efficacy
Range-based The effectiveness of PrEP can range from 44% to 92% depending on adherence.	Point estimate The effectiveness of PrEP is 44% when it is taken imperfectly. The effectiveness of PrEP is 92% when it is taken every day.
Success-framed versus failure-framed efficacy information
Success-framed PrEP is 92% effective when it is used every day. PrEP is 44–92% effective depending on adherence.	Failure-framed PrEP is 8% ineffective when it is used every day. PrEP has an 8–56% failure rate depending on adherence.