Table 1.

Suggested data to be extracted from eligible papers

Publication details	Authors, year of study, year of publication, geographical location of study, language of paper, funding sources
Study design and quality	Sample size, p values, methods to randomise, allocation concealment, blinding of outcome assessment.
Model of non-union	Non-union vs delayed union
Species of animal	Mouse, rat, etc.
Characteristics of animal	Age, weight, strain, sex, genetic modification, co-morbidities
Nature of insult	Location of bony insult (tibia, femur, etc.), fracture model (segmental vs non-segmental), osteotomy technique, size of osteotomy, closed vs open, critical vs non-critical size defect, fixation vs no fixation, internal vs external fixation (if fixation used), isolated or multiple locations,
Additional insults (other than bony defects)	Infection, contamination, immunosuppression, soft tissue injury, vascular injury.
Nature of intervention	Type of intervention (pharmacological vs non-pharmacological), time point that intervention was applied to animal model post-fracture creation, frequency of intervention (single vs recurrent), duration of intervention, systemic or local dosing
Duration of follow-up	Single vs multiple time points of follow-up
Outcome measures	Morphometrical analysis (e.g. histology, radiology), biomechanical analysis (e.g. torsional stiffness)
Results	Main findings, direction of effect, effect sizes and uncertainty, statistical significance, length and adequacy of follow-up, early animal death
Additional insults (other than bony defects)	Infection, contamination, immunosuppression, soft tissue injury, vascular injury.