Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of ALIVE Participants by Frailty Status*
| Characteristics | Robust | Prefrail | Frail |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 338 | N = 826 | N = 162 | |
| Age, median (IQR), y | 47.3 (41.3–52.3) | 47.5 (42.5–52.3) | 50.3 (44.7–53.7) |
| Female | 104 (30.8%) | 285 (34.5%) | 68 (42%) |
| African American | 296 (87.6%) | 724 (87.7%) | 144 (88.9%) |
| Less than high school education | 177 (52.7%) | 494 (59.9%) | 104 (64.2%) |
| Not married/common law | 303 (90.2%) | 770 (93.3%) | 152 (93.8%) |
| Prescription drug abuse† | 25 (7.4%) | 110 (13.3%) | 27 (16.7%) |
| Recent injection drug use‡ | 164 (48.5%) | 366 (44.3%) | 73 (45.1%) |
| Depressive symptoms‡ | 48 (14.2%) | 201 (24.3%) | 71 (43.8%) |
| # Comorbid conditions§ | |||
| 0–1 | 262 (78.4%) | 605 (75.1%) | 98 (62.8%) |
| 2 | 50 (15%) | 124 (15.4%) | 27 (17.3%) |
| ≥3 | 22 (6.6%) | 77 (9.6%) | 31 (19.9%) |
| HIV seropositive | 86 (25.4%) | 244 (29.5%) | 57 (35.2%) |
| CD4+ cell count, median (IQR)|| | 318 (185–486) | 262 (158–420) | 312 (145–505) |
| HIV RNA, median (IQR), log10 copies/mL|| | 2.7 (1.6–4.4) | 3.2 (1.6–4.6) | 3.7 (1.8–4.7) |
| IL-6 (pg/mL), median (IQR) | 1.44 (0.98–2.37) | 1.64 (1.03–2.96) | 1.90 (1.31–3.60) |
| sTNFR1 (ng/mL), median (IQR) | 1.48 (1.25–1.79) | 1.50 (1.26–1.85) | 1.65 (1.36–2.06) |
| Inflammatory index score, mean (SD) | 5.07 (0.43) | 5.12 (0.47) | 5.28 (0.54) |
Notes: Depressive symptoms = score of ≥ 21 on the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale; IL-6 = interleukin-6; IQR = interquartile range; sTNFR1 = soluble tumor necrosis factor-α receptor-1.
*Data are number (%) of participants, unless otherwise indicated; robust participants had a frailty score of 0; prefrail participants had a frailty score of 1–2; frail participants had a frailty score of 3–5.
†Reflect characteristics within the prior year.
‡Reflect characteristics within the previous 6 months.
§Diabetes, hypertension, cerebrovascular accident, cardiovascular disease, renal disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, obesity, liver disease.
||Reflect HIV seropositives only.