Table 1.
The HBS: patient characteristics
| Patients with Parkinson’s disease | Controls | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 222) | (n = 183) | ||
| Age at phlebotomy (years, SD) | 67.05 (9.53) | 68.44 (10.23) | 0.16 |
| Gender | |||
| Male (n, %) | 130 (58.6) | 74 (40.4) | 0.0003 |
| Female (n, %) | 92 (41.4) | 109 (59.6) | |
| Clinical findings (n, %) | |||
| UKPDBBSa | 207 (93.2) | ||
| Resting tremor | 164 (73.87) | ||
| Bradykinesia | 221 (99.59) | ||
| Rigidity | 219 (98.65) | ||
| Postural imbalance | 109 (49.10) | ||
| Asymmetric onset | 175 (78.83) | ||
| Medications (n, %) | |||
| Levodopa | 170 (76.58) | ||
| Dopamine replacement medications | 201 (90.5) | ||
| De novo | 21 (9.5%) | ||
| Disease severity | |||
| Disease duration (years) (mean, SD) | 4.8 (4.5) | ||
| Hoehn and Yahr (mean, SD) | 2.1 (0.6) | ||
| UPDRS Part I: mentation, behaviour, mood | 1.5 (1.5) | ||
| UPDRS Part II: ADLs | 8.7 (5.2) | ||
| UPDRS Part III: motor examination | 18.5 (9.0) | ||
| UPDRS total score | 30.9 (13.6) | ||
aUnited Kingdom Parkinson’s Disease Brain Bank Society diagnostic criteria.
ADL = activities of daily living.