TABLE 8.

Imputed metagenomic profiles using KEGG pathway maps in cecal digesta of pigs fed the EMS or control diet^a

KEGG pathway	Predicted function	Relative abundance (%) by dietb		SEM	P value
		Control	EMS
Predicted functions more abundant with EMS diet
Environmental information processing
Membrane transport	Secretion system	1.732	1.905	0.0663	0.081
Signal transduction	Phosphatidylinositol signaling system	0.087	0.091	0.0014	0.029
Metabolism
Energy metabolism	Oxidative phosphorylation	0.945	0.990	0.0185	0.096
	Sulfur metabolism	0.257	0.281	0.0084	0.054
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins	Folate biosynthesis	0.336	0.357	0.0061	0.027
	Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism	0.402	0.424	0.0069	0.037
	Riboflavin metabolism	0.231	0.266	0.0117	0.051
	Biotin metabolism	0.127	0.139	0.0034	0.026
Metabolism of other amino acids	β-Alanine metabolism	0.218	0.248	0.0119	0.090
Unclassified
Genetic information processing	Replication, recombination, and repair proteins	1.327	1.636	0.1233	0.093
Metabolism	Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism	0.076	0.095	0.0078	0.095
Predicted functions less abundant with EMS diet
Environmental information processing
Membrane transport	Transporters	7.807	7.120	0.1672	0.009
Signaling molecules and interaction	Bacterial toxins	0.085	0.070	0.0059	0.084
Metabolism
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites	Butirosin and neomycin biosynthesis	0.058	0.048	0.0038	0.093
	Flavone and flavonol biosynthesis	0.013	0.006	0.0019	0.029
	Flavonoid biosynthesis	0.008	0.003	0.0011	0.009
	Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis	0.151	0.132	0.0064	0.005
Carbohydrate metabolism	Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism	1.248	1.179	0.0249	0.067
	Fructose and mannose metabolism	0.741	0.683	0.0138	0.008
	Galactose metabolism	0.592	0.501	0.1729	0.050
	Glycolysis/gluconeogenesis	1.049	1.030	0.0062	0.039
	Pentose and glucuronate interconversions	0.556	0.518	0.0127	0.048
	Starch and sucrose metabolism	0.904	0.837	0.0185	0.019
Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism	Other glycan degradation	0.269	0.197	0.0276	0.083
Lipid metabolism	Glycerolipid metabolism	0.411	0.372	0.0072	0.001
	Sphingolipid metabolism	0.186	0.140	0.0172	0.075
Metabolism of other amino acids	Cyanoamino acid metabolism	0.266	0.240	0.0091	0.057
	d-Arginine and d-ornithine metabolism	0.007	0.004	0.0009	0.062
	Phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism	0.068	0.057	0.0027	0.011
Unclassified
Genetic information processing	Protein folding and associated processing	0.666	0.642	0.0070	0.026
Metabolism	Carbohydrate metabolism	0.174	0.152	0.0043	0.002

^aData are presented as least-square means ± SEM. n = 8 pigs in control diet group, and n = 7 pigs in the EMS diet group.

^bThe relative abundances of different KEGG pathway maps encoded in each imputed sample metagenome are presented (P < 0.1).