Fig. 2. RF ablation using AA via sub-hepatic route in 44-year-old man.

A. Longitudinal US image shows hypoechoic HCC (arrows) in segment 6 near ascending colon (arrowhead). B. Longitudinal US image demonstrates inserted angiosheath (arrowhead) and AA (asterisk) in sub-hepatic space. C. Longitudinal US image during RF ablation depicts transient hyperechoic ablation zone (asterisk), needle electrode (arrow), and angiosheath (arrowhead). D. Immediate follow-up contrast-enhanced CT image reveals low-attenuated RF ablation zone (asterisk) that sufficiently covers index tumor as well as intact adjacent colon (arrowhead). AA = artificial ascites, HCC = hepatocellular carcinoma, RF = radiofrequency, US = ultrasound