Figure 4.
Effect of 80% hydroethanolic M. oleifera bioactive flower extracts on the production of cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-10, and PGE2 by LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. A density of 1 × 106 cells/well of macrophages induced by LPS were seeded in 6-well plate and treated with indicated concentrations of flower extract and dexamethasone for 24 h. The supernatants were collected and analysed by ELISA kits. The data are presented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. ### p < 0.001: LPS-treated group versus control; ∗∗∗ p < 0.001, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗ p < 0.05: treated group significantly different from LPS-treated group. Control: basal level of cytokines released without LPS induction.