Table 7.
Analysis of results from the three aerobic training (AT) studies.
| Authors | Variables | Control Group | Experimental Group | Between Groups | p-Value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre+ | Post+ | Diff. | % Change | Pre+ | Post+ | Diff. | % Change | Diff. | % Change | |||
| Smith et al. (2001) | Body Mass (kg) | 84.6 | 85.1 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 83.9 | 82.4 | -1.5 | -1.8 | -2.0 | -2.4 | 0.04 |
| Body Mass Index (kg.m-2) | 27.5 | 27.7 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 26.5 | 26.0 | -0.5 | -1.9 | -0.7 | -2.6 | 0.035 | |
| Triceps Skinfold (mm) | 16.4 | 17.6 | 1.2 | 7.3 | 11.3 | 9.1 | -2.2 | -19.5 | -3.4 | -26.8 | 0.014 | |
| Sum of Skinfolds (central) (mm) | 74.9 | 74.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 55.4 | 49.2 | -6.2 | -11.2 | -6.2 | -11.2 | 0.02 | |
| Sum of Skinfolds (peripheral) (mm) | 56.2 | 54.1 | -2.1 | -3.7 | 39.7 | 29.8 | -9.9 | -24.9 | -7.8 | -21.2 | 0.02 | |
| Waist Circumference (cm) | 94.2 | 94.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 92.3 | 89.7 | -2.6 | -2.8 | -2.9 | -3.1 | 0.02 | |
| Hip Circumference (cm) | 98.3 | 97.3 | -1.0 | -1.0 | 95.2 | 93.5 | -1.7 | -1.8 | -0.7 | -0.8 | NS | |
| Waist Hip Ratio | 0.96 | 0.97 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.97 | 0.96 | 0.0 | -1.0 | 0.0 | -2.1 | 0.003 | |
| Terry et al. (2006) | Body Mass (kg) | 67.0 | 65.0 | -2.0 | -3.0 | 68.1 | 66.1 | -2.0 | -2.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | NS |
| Body Mass Index (kg.m-2) | 24.0 | 23.0 | -1.0 | -4.2 | 25.0 | 24.0 | -1.0 | -4.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | NS | |
| Waist Hip Ratio | 0.94 | 0.91 | 0.0 | -3.2 | 0.91 | 0.90 | 0.0 | -1.1 | 0.0 | 2.1 | NS | |
| Body density (g.cm-3) | 1.04 | 1.05 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.03 | 1.04 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | NS | |
| Body Fat (%) | 23.0 | 19.0 | -4.0 | -17.4 | 27.0 | 22.0 | -5.0 | -18.5 | -1.0 | -1.1 | NS | |
| Mutimura et al. (2008) | Body Mass Index (kg.m-2) | 24.4 | 24.5 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 24.0 | 23.5 | -0.5 | -2.2 | -0.6 | -2.5 | <.0001 |
| Waist Circumference (cm) | 92.3 | 92.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 91.0 | 83.9 | -7.1 | -7.8 | -7.2 | -7.9 | <.0001 | |
| Hip Circumference (cm) | 93.7 | 93.9 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 92.3 | 93.4 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1.0 | NS | |
| Waist Hip Ratio | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.99 | 0.89 | -0.1 | -10.1 | -0.1 | -10.1 | <.0001 | |
| Body Fat Redistribution score (7-item) | 18.7 | 19.2 | 0.5 | 2.7 | 19.3 | 14.6 | -4.7 | -24.4 | -5.2 | -27.1 | <.0001 | |
| Triceps Skinfold (mm) | 14.4 | 14.2 | -0.2 | -1.4 | 14.4 | 13.0 | -1.4 | -9.9 | -1.2 | -8.5 | <.0001 | |
| Biceps Skinfold (mm) | 10.8 | 10.7 | -0.1 | -0.6 | 10.7 | 10.1 | -0.6 | -5.9 | -0.6 | -5.3 | <.05 | |
| Subscapular Skinfold (mm) | 18.7 | 18.2 | -0.6 | -2.9 | 18.6 | 16.7 | -1.9 | -10.2 | -1.4 | -7.3 | <.0001 | |
| Suprailiac Skinfold (mm) | 18.8 | 18.4 | -0.4 | -2.3 | 18.7 | 16.6 | -2.1 | -11.2 | -1.7 | -8.9 | <.0001 | |
| Sum of Skinfolds (mm) | 62.7 | 61.5 | -1.3 | -2.0 | 62.3 | 56.2 | -6.2 | -9.9 | -4.9 | -7.9 | <.0001 | |
| Lean Body Mass (%) | NR | NR | NC | NC | NR | NR | NC | NC | NC | NC | <.0001 | |
| Body Fat (%) | 29.3 | 29.1 | -0.2 | -0.5 | 29.4 | 27.9 | -1.5 | -5.1 | -1.3 | -4.6 | <.0001 | |
Diff. = difference; NC = not calculated; NR = not reported; NS = not significant.
Central skinfolds = subscapular, suprailiac and abdominal; Peripheral skinfolds = triceps, biceps, thigh and medial calf; Sum of skinfolds = biceps, triceps, subscapular and suprailiac.
+Values indicated as means.