FIGURE 1.

Vacuolar defects in VPA-treated cells are rescued by supplementation with inositol. A, VPA perturbs the vacuolar structure in wild-type cells. To determine the effects of VPA on vacuolar structure, wild-type cells were grown to the mid-log phase in SM with or without 1 mm VPA and 75 μm inositol. B, inositol starvation perturbs the vacuolar structure in ino1Δ cells. The effects of inositol starvation were determined in ino1Δ cells precultured in SM I+, washed twice to remove inositol, and resuspended in SM I−. Vacuoles were visualized by staining with FM4-64 as described under “Experimental Procedures.” The results are representative of at least three independent experiments. DIC, differential interference contrast.