Fig. 2.

Effects of the β₁-blocker metoprolol and α₁-blocker doxazosin on CAVI and baPWV [16]. a When the selective β₁-adrenergic blocker metoprolol (80 mg) was administered, both systolic and diastolic blood pressures decreased and baPWV also decreased, but CAVI did not change. This study indicates that CAVI is independent of blood pressure at the time of measurement. b Furthermore, with the administration of the selective α₁-adrenergic receptor blocker doxazosin (4 mg), systolic and diastolic blood pressures as well as CAVI and baPWV decreased, indicating that CAVI decreased with a relaxation of smooth muscles induced by the α₁-adrenergic receptor blocker. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. baseline, Bonferroni test. Reproduced from Shirai et al. [16].