FIGURE 5.

J11-Cl modulated pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. A, expression of COX-2 and p-ERK1/2 in the colon tissues was determined by immunoblotting, using total ERK1/2 as an internal control. B, RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with 50 μm J11-Cl for 30 min and stimulated with 20 ng·ml⁻¹ LPS for 15 min. Expression of phosphorylated NF-κB p65 and MAPKs (p-ERK1/2, p-JNK, and p-p38) was determined by immunoblotting, using β-actin and total MAPKs as an internal control. C, NCM460 cells were pretreated with 50 μm J11-Cl for 30 min and stimulated with 1 ng·ml⁻¹ TNF-α for 15 min. Expression of p-NF-κB p65, p-ERK1/2, and p-JNK was determined by immunoblotting, using β-actin, ERK1/2, and JNK as an internal control.