Table 2. Glucose and NEFA to insulin ratios in nonlactating dairy cows from –7 to 14 d relative to diet initiation, before TZD administration or from 15 to 28 d relative to diet initiation and during TZD administration in cows fed either controlled-energy diet (CON, 1.30 Mcal/kg; n = 7) or moderate-energy diet (OVE, 1.60 Mcal/kg; n = 7) during TZD administration.

Values are LSM ± SEM.

	Diet			Day					P-value
Item	CON	OVE	SEM	-7	0	7	14	SEM	Diet	Day	Diet × Day
Before TZD
Glucose/insulin	0.59	0.53	0.03	0.59	0.54	0.57	0.53	0.04	0.05	0.18	< 0.01
NEFA/insulin	0.23	0.17	0.03	0.24 a	0.19 b	0.20 b	0.18 b	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
	Diet					Day			P-value
During TZD	CON	OVE	SEM	15	20	25	28	SEM	Diet	TZD	Diet × TZD
Glucose/insulin	0.59	0.51	0.03	0.58 a	0.51 b	0.54 b	0.54 b	0.04	< 0.01	0.08	0.68
NEFA/insulin	0.23	0.16	0.03	0.22 a	0.18 b	0.19 a	0.18 b	0.02	< 0.01	0.02	0.32

^a,b diet, Day, TZD, diet × Day and diet × TZD within a row with different superscripts differ (P ≤ 0.05).