Fig. 3. Network centralization is associated with fewer pests in maize.

The entire foliar arthropod community was described on 53 maize farms, and pest abundance (Diabrotica spp., lepidopteran pests, and aphids) per plant was recorded. Farms were assigned to 1 of 10 groups based on their pest abundance (n = 5 to 6 farms each), and pairwise Spearman correlation tests were conducted for all taxa within the community; linkages were assigned to significant coefficients. Network centralization is defined as a sum of the ratio of the variation in d for a species to the maximum variation in d in the network. Error bars represent SEM.