Table 6.
Anabolic/Catabolic Hormone Response
| Variable | Group | Baseline | Pre-Lift | 60-min Post | 24-hr Post | 48-hr Post | Group Mean | p-value (GG) | p-value (WSC) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cortisol (ug/dL) | P | 28.34±13.07^ | 23.33±8.80 | 26.37±7.33 | 25.08±10.21^ | 27.68±11.20^ | 26.16±2.18 | G=0.167 | |
| TC | 21.48±7.02 | 20.49±7.92 | 26.81±12.08† | 19.72±5.56◊ | 19.74±6.82◊ | 21.65±2.28 | T=0.093§ | T L =0.611 | |
| Time Mean | 24.91±2.22 | 21.91±1.75 | 26.59±2.06Ψ | 22.40±1.74◊ | 23.71±1.96 | G X T=0.170 | G X T q =0.029* | ||
| Testosterone (ng/mL) | P | 9.86±3.46 | 9.37±3.45 | 9.25±2.92 | 10.17±3.55 | 9.94±3.42 | 9.72±0.75 | G=0.025* | |
| TC | 7.24±2.22 | 7.17±2.00 | 6.97±1.95 | 7.20±2.00 | 6.91±1.70 | 7.10±0.79 | T=0.428 | T q =0.427 | |
| Time Mean | 8.55±0.61 | 8.27±0.60 | 8.11±0.52 | 8.68±0.61 | 8.42±0.57 | G X T=0.556 | G X T L =0.174 | ||
| Test/Cort Ratio | P | 0.037±0.009 | 0.043±0.014 | 0.037±0.013 | 0.045±0.019 | 0.040±0.018 | 0.040±0.003 | G=0.538 | |
| TC | 0.037±0.015 | 0.040±0.020 | 0.031±0.015 | 0.039±0.013 | 0.040±0.019 | 0.037±0.004 | T=0.152 | T L =0.516 | |
| Time Mean | 0.037±0.012 | 0.042±0.017 | 0.034±0.014 | 0.042±0.016 | 0.040±0.018 | G X T=0.815 | G X T q =0.196 |
Individual group and time data expressed as means ± SD, while group effects are presented as means ± SEM. Data represents the stress and sex hormone response at each test session during the 10 day intervention. MANOVA analysis revealed overall Wilks' Lambda time (p=0.293) and group x time (p=0.458). Univariate ANOVA p-levels from MANOVA analysis are presented for each variable. Univariate ANOVA p-levels are listed first by the Greenhouse-Geisser (GG) analysis and then by the within-subjects contrasts (WSC) to demonstrate the potential shape of the time or group x time interaction with significance indicated by the following super/subscripts: * indicates p<0.05 p-level significance, § indicates p<0.10 p-level significance. LSD post hoc analysis is indicated by the following superscripts: ^ represents p<0.05 difference between groups, † represents p<0.05 difference from baseline value, Ψ represents p<0.05 difference from pre-lift, ◊ represents p<0.05 difference from 60-min post, # represents p<0.05 difference from 24-hr post. Test/Cort = Testosterone/Cortisol ratio G group p-level, T time p-level, G x T interaction, q quadratic p-level; L = linear p-level