Table 6.
Between-group whole-brain activation (n = 24; males = 12)
| SPM contrast | Cluster region | Volume (mm3) | Peak T | MNI coordinates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subregions (BA) | x | y | z | |||
| Mild pain > warmth (deactivation) | ||||||
| Females > males | Left cerebrum | 4.51 | −6 | 34 | 4 | |
| Limbic lobe | 14,608 | −8 | 21 | 25 | ||
| Rostral anterior cingulate cortex (24) | 2312 | −3 | 36 | 5 | ||
| Middle frontal gyrus | 2280 | −25 | 12 | 52 | ||
| Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (32) | 2192 | −7 | 41 | 3 | ||
| Superior frontal gyrus | 1432 | −11 | 11 | 64 | ||
| Left supplemental motor area (6) | 912 | −13 | 12 | 64 | ||
| Prefrontal cortex (8) | 320 | −28 | 17 | 42 | ||
| Anterior prefrontal cortex (10) | 288 | −7 | 49 | 3 | ||
| Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (9) | 256 | 40 | 15 | 38 | ||
| Anterior cingulate cortex (33) | 120 | −5 | 19 | 25 | ||
| Moderate pain > warmth (activation) | ||||||
| Males > females | Right cerebrum | 3.51 | 32 | −58 | 28 | |
| Superior temporal gyrus (22) | 3304 | 55 | −37 | 9 | ||
| Middle temporal gyrus | 2472 | 43 | −63 | 5 | ||
| Postcentral gyrus (1,2,3) | 712 | 59 | −19 | 23 | ||
| Insula (13) | 488 | 44 | −41 | 19 | ||
| Precuneus | 464 | 29 | −64 | 36 | ||
| Angular gyrus (39) | 352 | 35 | −63 | 35 | ||
| Secondary somatosensory cortex (40) | 304 | 59 | −36 | 22 | ||
| Fusiform gyrus (37) | 200 | 48 | −41 | −18 | ||
| Supramarginal gyrus | 128 | 58 | −35 | 24 | ||
Between-group analyses. Significant clusters were derived using 3dClustSim and the intrinsic smoothness of the data to define corrected whole-brain cluster thresholds as those having a voxel level p = 0.05, cluster volume 1659 voxels, volume >120 mm3, and family wise error corrected (FWE) p = 0.05. Areas are reported with the parent cluster first defined by Peak T, followed by subregions within each cluster (MNI coordinates of subregions are approximate). Mild pain > warmth, females > males = deactivation (findings result from females being less deactivated than males). Moderate pain > warmth, males > females = activations
SPM Statistical Parametric Mapping, BA Brodmann area, MNI Montreal Neuroimaging Institute