Table 3.

Hospital Volume, Surgeon Volume, and Five-Year Mortality Among Older Breast Cancer Patients

	All-cause 5-year Mortality		Breast Cancer-Specific Mortality
	Moderately High Volume	Volume High	Moderately High Volume	High Volume
	(Coefficient [p-value])		Coefficient [p-value])
Hospital	−0.08 [0.79]	−0.98** [0.04]	−0.11 [0.76]	−1.80** [0.01]
Surgeon	1.31 [0.33]	0.53 [0.63]	0.89 [0.39]	0.11 [0.94]

Notes: Statistically significant coefficients at the p < 0.05 level are denoted by a double asterisks. Hospitals were classified as moderately high volume if they ranked at the top tertile of annual Medicare cases (hospitals performing >40 Medicare incident breast cancer cases per year) during the 24-month preceding the subjects’ incident surgery. Hospitals were classified as high volume hospitals, the subset of the moderately high hospitals that rank in the top decile of annual Medicare cases (>81 Medicare cases per year) during the 24-month preceding the subject’s incident surgery. For surgeon volume, the thresholds for top tertile and top decile were ≥ 12 and ≥ 28 annual incident breast cancer surgeries during the 12-month period preceding the woman’s surgery, respectively. Models also control for sociodemographic, economic, extent of disease factors, and first stage residuals. See Supplemental Digital Appendix for the full set of coefficient estimates.