Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of 161 study participants by atrial fibrillation recurrence status.
| Variable | AF recurrence* (N=77) | No AF recurrence (N=84) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 61.6 ± 8.8 | 56.9 ± 10.1 | 0.002 |
| Female sex | 23 (30) | 25 (30) | 0.99 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 32.2 ± 6.2 | 32 ± 5.9 | 0.84 |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| Persistent atrial fibrillation | 34 (44) | 30 (36) | 0.27 |
| Congestive heart failure | 3 (4) | 4 (5) | 0.79 |
| Hypertension | 57 (74) | 57 (68) | 0.39 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 22 (29) | 15 (18) | 0.11 |
| Stroke | 10 (13) | 4 (5) | 0.2 |
| Coronary artery disease | 22 (29) | 18 (21) | 0.29 |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 25 (32) | 36 (43) | 0.17 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 10 (13) | 4 (5) | 0.2 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 6 (8) | 4 (5) | 0.43 |
| Laboratory characteristics | |||
| B-natriuretic peptide (pg/dl) | 187.2 ± 169.5 | 104.4 ± 120.4 | 0.002 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/dl) | 4.9 ± 7.2 | 4.7 ± 9.2 | 0.89 |
| Echocardiographic characteristics | |||
| Ejection fraction (%) | 57.0 ± 11 | 59.5 ± 7.8 | 0.1 |
| Left atrial diameter (mm) | 42.0 ± 7.3 | 40.4 ± 6.3 | 0.2 |
| Medications | |||
| Class I or III antiarrhythmic drug | 52 (68) | 63 (75) | 0.29 |
| Beta blocker | 42 (55) | 42 (50) | 0.56 |
| Calcium channel blocker | 22 (29) | 15 (18) | 0.11 |
| Oral anticoagulant | 59 (77) | 57 (68) | 0.22 |
| Risk scores | |||
| CHADS2 | 1.3 ± 0.9 | 1.0 ± 1.0 | 0.05 |
| CHA2DS2-VASC | 1.6 ± 1.2 | 1.2 ± 1.1 | 0.04 |
| R2CHADS2 | 1.4 ± 1.1 | 1.0 ± 1.0 | 0.02 |
| HATCH | 1.1 ± 0.9 | 0.9 ± 1.0 | 0.19 |
Data expressed as mean ± SD or N (%).
*
AF recurrence here defined as a clinically significant AF recurrence occurring between 3 and 6 months after ablation.