Table 5.

Participants exceeding the clinical cut-off point for anxiety, depression or sleep quality

Measure	Groupa	Pre-test		Post-test		Follow-up
		%	n	%	n	%	n
DASS anxiety	PA	73.91	17	27.27	6	28.57	6
	MM	59.26	16	44.00	11	40.00	10
	HRV-BF	48.00	12	33.33	8	30.43	7
	Total	60.00	45	35.21	25	33.33	23
DASS depression	PA	43.48	10	18.18	4	23.81	5
	MM	22.22	6	16.00	4	12.00	3
	HRV-BF	20.00	5	25.00	6	17.39	4
	Total	28.00	21	19.72	14	17.39	12
PSQI	PA	47.83	11	47.62	10	57.14	12
	MM	40.74	11	36.00	9	37.50	9
	HRV-BF	40.00	10	41.67	10	39.13	9
	Total	42.67	32	41.43	29	44.12	30

Missing values were excluded per time-point

PA physical activity, MM mindfulness meditation, HRV-BF heart rate variability biofeedback, DASS Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

^a n = 21–23 PA, n = 24–27 MM, n = 23–25 HRV-BF, N = 68–75 Total