Table 1.

Lung epithelial cell models used for studying Burkholderia infection.

Cell type	Species	Lung location	Derivation
A549	Human	Alveolar	A type 2-like pneumocyte derived from adenocarcinoma (Lieber et al., 1976)
LA-4	Mouse	Alveolar	A type 2-like pneumocyte derived from adenocarcinoma (Stoner et al., 1975)
16HBE	Human	Bronchiolar	SV40 transformed bronchial epithelium (Cozens et al., 1994)
Calu-3	Human	Bronchiolar	Derived from a bronchial epithelial adenocarcinoma (Fogh et al., 1977)
BEAS-2B	Human	Bronchiolar	SV40/adenovirus 12 transformed bronchial epithelium (Reddel et al., 1988)
CFBE	Human	Bronchiolar	SV40/adenovirus 12 transformed cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelial cell line (Zeitlin et al., 1991)
NCI-H292	Human	Mucoepidermoid	Derived from a cervical node metastasis of a pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma. These cells contain numerous small mucin-containing granules (Carney et al., 1985)
HEp-2	Human	Laryngeal	Originally thought to be from a laryngeal carcinoma it is now known to be established via HeLa cell contamination* (Chen, 1988)
RPMI-2650	Human	Nasal	Derived from a malignant tumor of the nasal septum (Moorhead, 1965)
KB	Human	Oral	Originally thought to be from a carcinoma of the mouth it is now known to be established via HeLa cell contamination* (Eagle et al., 1956)
Primary	Any	Any	Derived and cultured directly from tissue. Primary cells initially retain phenotypic characteristics of the donor tissue but do differentiate post isolation leading to variation in cell phenotype

Numerous models of infection have been used to study the interaction of Burkholderia spp. with the epithelium. The location and derivation of these cell lines are shown.

^*Numerous cell types have now been confirmed to be contaminated with HeLa cells (cervical cancer). After original isolation the HeLa cells out compete the originally derived cell lines and dominate the cultures.