Table 1.
Plant material used for the present study, including estimated average of genome sizes (Vienna, flow cytometry), size approximations (Rutgers, flow cytometry) and karyotypes of Genlisea. All genome size data represent at least two independent measurements (different preparations performed on different days; N = number of runs). The size standards used (abbreviation, value and reference) are explained in the text (Materials and methods). Cytological data for taxa with small chromosomes are based on at least ten different cells counted.
| Sample |
Rutgers, flow cytometry |
Vienna, flow cytometry |
Cytology |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Species | Voucher* | 1C value (Mbp) | s.d. (N) | Standard | 1C value, size approximation (Mbp) | s.d. (N) | Standard | Chromosome number (this study) | Chromosome size range (based on mean of 10 cells) | Previous report |
| G. aurea var. aurea CdJ | Brazil, São Paulo, Campos do Jordão (LE366) | 83 | 8·5 (3) | Sa | 64·4 | 2·2 (5) | At | – | 0·2–0·4 μm | – |
| G. aurea var. aurea Cap | Brazil, Minas Gerais, Serra do Caparaó | 73 | 9·9 (10) | Bd, Sp, Sa | 67·2 | 1·2 (3) | At | – | – | – |
| G. aurea var. aurea ChdV | Brazil, Goiás, Chapada dos Veadeiros (LE368) | – | – | – | 63·6 | 2·4 (5) | At | – | – | – |
| G. aurea var. minor Ita | Brazil, Minas Gerais, Itacambira | 119 (estimated size) | – (2) | Bd | – | – | – | 2n ∼46 | 0·4–0·8 μm | G. aurea (without location data) 2n ∼50 (Greilhuber et al., 2006); 2n = 46 (Vu et al., 2012) |
| G. aurea var. minor ChdG | Brazil, Mato Grosso, Chapada dos Guimarães (LE360) | 131 | 6·1 (3) | Bd | 117·1 | 3·9 (3) | Sc | – | – | – |
| G. flexuosa | Brazil, Minas Gerais, Grão Mogol (LE364, as G. aff. violacea ‘giant’) | – | – | – | 1140·3 | 18·4 (4) | Zm | 2n = 16 | 1–2·3 μm | – |
| G. glandulosissima | Zambia, Northern, Kasama (LE263) | – | – | – | 189·3 | 1·2 (3) | Rs | 2n ∼38 | ∼0·5 μm | – |
| G. guianensis | Venezuela | – | – | – | 298·1 | 2·4 (3) | Sc | 2n ∼40 | 0·3–0·7 μm | |
| G. hispidula | South Africa, Pretoria, cult. BG Munich (LE294) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2n = 32 | 0·8–1 μm | 2n = 40 (Vu et al., 2012), but pictured are 32 chromosomes |
| G. lobata | Brazil, Minas Gerais, Serra da Araponga (LE296) | – | – | – | 1722·4 | 2·7 (3) | Ps | 2n = 16 | – | 2n = 16 (Greilhuber et al., 2006) |
| G. margaretae | Madagascar (LE309) | 143·0 | 2·6 (3) | Bd, Sa | 195·2 | 2·3 (3) | Rs | 2n = 36 | – | 2n ∼ 40 (Greilhuber et al., 2006); voucher doubtful); 2n = 36 (Vu et al., 2012) |
| G. margaretae | Zambia, Luapula, Mansa (LE260) | 113 | 11·3 (2) | Bd, Sa | 180·8 | 0·9 (3) | Rs | 2n = 36, 38 (meiotic counts; n = 18, 19) | 0·5–0·8 μm | – |
| G. metallica | Brazil, Minas Gerais, Itacambira (LE365, as ‘G. sp. Itacambira’) | – | – | – | 1056·8 | 7·6 (3) | Sc | 2n = 16 | 1·2–2·3 μm | – |
| G. nigrocaulis | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2n ∼30 (as G. pygmaea; Vu et al., 2012) |
| G. oxycentron | Brazil, Pará, Vigia (LE321) | – | – | – | 74·6 | 0·5 (3) | At | – | – | – |
| G. repens | Venezuela, Amazonas, Aracamuni; Rivadavia et al., 1903 (SPF) | 86·1 | 3·6 (3) | At, Bd | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| G. repens | Chapada dos Veadeiros | – | – | – | 141·9 | 2·2 (4) | Sc | – | – | – |
| G. repens | Roraima | – | – | – | 80·9 | 1·0 (5) | At | – | – | – |
| G. repens | Cerro Avispa | – | – | – | 78·0 | 1·0 (3) | At | – | – | – |
| G. repens | Brazil, Minas Gerais, Uberaba (LE371) | – | – | – | 149·7 | 1·7 (3) | Sc | – | – | – |
| G. subglabra | Zambia, Kasama (LE266) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2n = 32 | ∼1 μm | – |
| G. tuberosa | Brazil, Goiás, Chapada dos Veadeiros; Rivadavia & Batista 2611 (SPF) | 61 | 5·7 (2) | Sa | 65·0 | – (1) | At | – | – | – |
| G. uncinata | Brazil, Bahia, Mucugê (LE367) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2n = 16 | – | 995 Mbp (Greilhuber et al., 2006; from Feulgen) |
| G. violacea | Brazil, Minas Gerais, Couto de Magalhães de Minas (LE303) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2n = 16 | ∼1 μm | – |
| G. violacea | Brazil, Minas Gerais, Serra do Cipó (LE312) | – | – | – | 1609·7 | 3·3 (3) | Ps | 2n = 16 | 1·5–4 μm | – |
At, Arabidopsis thaliana; Bp, Brachypodium distachyon; Ps, Pisum sativum; Rs, Raphanus sativus; Sa, Selaginella apoda; Sc, Solanum pseudocapsicum; Sp, Spirodela polyrhiza; Zm, Zea mays.
*Laboratory code number. LE indicates identical material used by Fleischmann et al. (2010) for phylogenetic reconstruction.