Table 1. Patients’ demographic data, with lesion location, Digit span, Aachener Aphasie Test sub-tests as indexes of verbal impairment.

Aphasics	Gender	Age	Education(years)	Occurrence of lesion (months)a	Digit span	AAT—Aachener Aphasie Test					Lesion location in left hemisphere and aetiology
						TT	Rep	Wr. L	Den	Compr
01—ZA	F	53	13	53	6	3	145	89	112	114	Frontal/temporal stroke
02—ZA	M	56	13	115	5	12	139	73	86	101	Extensive temporal stroke
03—ZP	M	64	18	198	4.5	16	145	80	113	114	Frontal/temporal/parietal stroke (putamen, claustrum, external capsule)
04—ME	F	44	8	120	4	5	131	71	117	109	Extensive temporal/parietal AVM
05—TR	M	49	18	12	5	3	142	75	117	111	Deep-seated nuclear haemorrhage
06—BA	M	43	13	14	5	19	116	61	83	103	Parietal/occipital haemorrhagic stroke
07—BS	F	19	11	26	3	26	140	81	110	103	Capsular haematoma and extensive temporal/parietal AVM
08—PP	F	52	11	18	5	1	134	82	111	119	Frontal/temporal/parietal stroke
09—FB	M	73	8	22	4	2	139	86	112	112	MCA and ACA haemorrhagic stroke
10—BA	M	22	8	38	5	1	138	85	115	112	Cerebral peduncle and inner capsula head trauma
11—CR	F	42	8	7	5	6	139	83	113	110	Frontal/temporal/parietal vascular ischaemia
12—ZL	M	40	18	6	4	3	123	83	116	114	MCA haemorrhagic stroke
13—TE	F	55	8	12	8	0	149	89	120	120	Frontal/temporal ischemic stroke
14—CM	F	51	8	6	4	13	149	85	114	112	Frontal operculum/anterior insula ischaemia
15—TE	F	41	11	39	3	29	124	80	74	100	Carotid-ophthalmic aneurysm
16—RA	M	64	7	31	4	25	122	48	104	89	Deep frontal/parietal haemorrhage
17—VM	F	71	5	39	3	24	79	28	97	97	Frontal/parietal perisylvian stroke

^aNotwithstanding all patients were ≥ 6 months post CVA, the the interval since the lesion was highly variable. We therefore correlated the time since onset with AAT subtests, behavioural (RTs and mean error rates) and electrophysiological (N150 and N350 components) data, and no significant correlations were found.