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. 2015 Nov 7;282(1818):20151860. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2015.1860

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© 2015 The Authors.

Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Figure 1. — Namacalathus hermanastes from the Nama Group, Namibia. Scale bars, 5 mm. (a) Longitudinal section through individual shows parental cup (PC) and daughter cup (C) with continuous skeletal wall (arrowed). (b) Transverse section through individual cup with hexaradial symmetry and lumens (L) and central opening (CO). (c) Longitudinal section through single individual showing lumens (L) and stem (S). (d) Individual enclosed in micritic sediment and attached to a microbial mat shows a bulb-like initial shell with constriction at the junction with the main skeleton (arrowed). (e) Longitudinal section of closely aggregated individuals with daughter individuals budding from older ones (arrowed). (f,g) Transverse section showing parent cup (PC) with two and budded daughter cups (arrowed) which initiate as stems (S) then inflate to cups (C). (h,k) Transverse section shows spiral form as continued growth the new cup stems curved around the axis of the parent cup. (j) Possible third generation of daughter cups (C), budding from parental cup (PC) and stem (S). (l,m) Longitudinal sections through individual showing parental cup (PC) and daughter cup (C) with continuous skeletal wall (arrowed). (n,p,q) Three-dimensional model reconstructions from serial sections (see electronic supplementary material). (n) Based on sections from sample in m, (p,q), based on sections from sample in L, with arrows in same positions.