Table 1.
Study population and comparison of serological and molecular assay testing
| Center | Subfamily | Scientific name | Common namea | Total | EIA pos | WB pos | pol (192-bp) PCR pos | LTR-gag (398-bp) PCR pos | pol (520-bp) PCR pos |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CPRJ | Alouattinae | Alouatta guariba | Southern brown howler monkey | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Aotinae | Aotus nigriceps | Black-headed night monkey | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Aotus species | Night monkey | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Atelinae | Ateles paniscus | Guiana spider monkey | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Brachyteles arachnoides | Woolly spider monkey | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Callicebinae | Callicebus moloch | Red-bellied titi monkey | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Callicebus personatus | Northern masked titi monkey | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Callitrichinae | Callithrix aurita | Buffy-tufted-ear marmoset | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Callithrix geoffroyi | Geoffroy’s tufted-ear marmoset | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Callithrix jacchus | White-tufted-ear marmoset | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Leontopithecus chrysomelas | Golden-headed lion tamarin | 16 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Leontopithecus chrysopygus | Black lion tamarin | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Leontopithecus rosalia | Golden lion tamarin | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Mico chrysoleucus | Golden-white tassel-ear marmoset | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Mico humeralifer | Black and white tassel-ear marmoset | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Saguinus bicolor | Pied bare-faced tamarin | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Saguinus midas | Golden-handed tamarin | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Cebinae | Cebus apella/cay/libidinous | Brown capuchin | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cebus robustus | Robust tufted capuchin | 6 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 3 | ||
| Cebus species | Capuchin | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Cebus xanthosternos | Yellow-breasted capuchin | 10 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Pitheciinae | Cacajao melanocephalus | Golden-backed black uakari | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | |
| Pithecia monachus | Geoffroy’s monk saki | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Saimirinae | Saimiri sciureus | Common squirrel monkey | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Total (%) | 78 | 27 (34) | 24 (31) | 16 (20) | 2 (3) | 10 (13) | |||
| RIOZOO | Alouattinae | Alouatta belzebul | Red-handed howler monkey | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Alouatta guariba | Southern brown howler monkey | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | ||
| Alouatta seniculus | Colombian red howler monkey | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||
| Aotinae | Aotus species | Night monkey | 11 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Callicebinae | Callicebus species | Titi monkey | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Callitrichinae | Callimico goeldii | Goeldii’s monkey | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cebinae | Cebus apella/cay/libidinous | Brown capuchin | 13 | 13 | 13 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cebus flavius | Blonde capuchin | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Cebus olivaceus | Weeper capuchin | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Cebus robustus | Robust tufted capuchin | 4 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Cebus species | Capuchin | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Cebus xanthosternos | Yellow-breasted capuchin | 9 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Pitheciinae | Chiropotes species | Bearded saki monkey | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Pithecia species | Saki monkey | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Saimirinae | Saimiri species | Squirrel monkey | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Saimiri ustus | Golden-backed squirrel monkey | 5 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Total (%) | 62 | 38 (61) | 37 (60) | 24 (39) | 4 (6) | 5 (8) | |||
| Grand Total (%) | 140 | 65 (46) | 61 (43) | 40 (29) | 6 (4) | 15 (11) |
Pos positive, WB western blot, pol polymerase, CPRJ Centro de Primatologia do Rio de Janeiro, RIOZOO Fundação Zoo of Rio de Janeiro
aCommon names from the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) website (http://www.iucnredlist.org/)