Figure 1.

MDSC-CM reduces cytokine expression by LPS-activated RAW cells. (a) Real-time RT-PCR demonstrated that at 24 h, Il1β, Tnfα and Il6 gene expression was attenuated by WT-CM (left), but the expression of Il6 was even further reduced in p65^+/−-CM-treated RAW cells (right) (*versus No LPS, P⩽0.05; ^#versus +LPS, P⩽0.05; ⁺versus LPS+WT-CM, P⩽0.05). At an earlier timepoint of 3 h, (b) Il6 and (c) Il10 gene expression is induced in RAW cells by exposure to LPS and MDSC-CM, an effect that is enhanced in p65^+/− MDSCs (*versus LPS in SF medium, P⩽0.05; ⁺versus LPS+WT-CM, P⩽0.05). Data are displayed from a representative experiment as mean±S.E.M. Each experiment was performed a minimum of three times