Table 1. Clinical and biochemical profiles for non-diabetic and T2D subjects.
| Variables | Non-diabetic (n = 1047) | T2D (n = 556) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 42.5 ± 10.3 | 53.2 ± 9.7 | <0.0001 |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 597(57.02%) | 348(62.59%) | 0.0310 |
| Female | 450(42.98%) | 208(37.41%) | |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Arab | 596(56.92%) | 371(66.73%) | 0.0001 |
| South Asian | 451(43.08%) | 185(33.27%) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.31 ± 6.02 | 31.35 ± 5.84 | <0.0001 |
| Waist/hip ratio | 0.91 ± 0.09 | 0.95 ± 0.06 | <0.0001 |
| Systolic (mmHg) | 128.59 ± 18.42 | 138.43 ± 19.71 | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic (mmHg) | 78.96 ± 12.03 | 80.98 ± 11.34 | 0.0008 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 5.09 ± 0.57 | 8.97 ± 3.32 | <0.0001 |
| HBA1C (DCCT%) | 5.51 ± 0.61 | 8.09 ± 1.97 | <0.0001 |
| Insulin (mU/L) | 9.00 ± 5.55 | 14.35 ± 12.03 | <0.0001 |
| HOMAIR | 2.08 ± 1.41 | 5.75 ± 5.34 | <0.0001 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.18 ± 1.06 | 4.95 ± 1.13 | <0.0001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.42 ± 0.81 | 1.88 ± 1.37 | <0.0001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.16 ± 0.33 | 1.08 ± 0.28 | <0.0001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.04 ± 0.95 | 3.40 ± 0.95 | <0.0001 |
| Subjects taking insulin injection | 174 (31.29% | ||
| Creatinine μmol/L | 77.50 ± 18.18 | 81.92 ± 29.68 | 0.0014 |
| Betatrophin (pg/mL) | 731.3 (59.5 – 10625.0) | 1710.5 (197.4 – 12361.1) | <0.0001 |
Results are reported as Mean ±SD except for non-normally distributed betatrophin that are presented as Median (interquartile range). Diabetes: fasting blood glucose ≥7 mmol/l, under treatment, or self-reported of previously diagnosed T2D; WC, waist circumference.