Figure 1. Effect of exogenous trehalose on Cu content and accumulation in rice seedlings with or without Cu stress.

(a) Cu content in roots, (b) Cu accumulation in roots, (c) Cu content in leaves, and (d) Cu accumulation in leaves. Control, Tre, Cu, and Tre+Cu correspond to control, 10 mM trehalose, 100 μM CuSO₄, and 10 mM trehalose + 100 μM CuSO₄, respectively. Bars represent standard deviation (SD) of the mean (n = 3). Different letters indicate significant differences among treatments at p < 0.05, according to Duncan’s multiple range test.