Table 3.
Histology, HIV Infectivity, and Luminal and Tissue Concentration Among Products; Geometric Mean Ratios (Lower, Upper Bound of 95% Confidence Interval)
| Product | Baseline | Aqueous fluid | Aqueous gel | Lipid fluid | Lipid gel |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brushesa | - | 1 | 0.63* (0.4, 0.9) | 0.14* (0.09, 0.2) | 0.77 (0.4, 1.1) |
| Biopsiesa | - | 1 | 0.90 (0.5, 1.4) | 0.44* (0.2, 0.7) | 1.51 (0.9, 2.3) |
| Denudationb | 1 | 1.7 (0.7, 3.9) | 1.4 (0.6, 3.1) | 1.0 (0.4, 2.4) | 1.6 (0.7, 3.7) |
| Log p24c,d | 0 | −0.30 (−0.89, 0.30) | −0.80** (−1.41, −0.20) | 0.68* (0.08, 1.28) | 0.01 (−0.59, 0.60) |
*
p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.
a
Multi-level analysis, in comparison with aqueous fluid product reference value of 1.
b
Multi-level analysis, in comparison to baseline (no product) reference value of 1.
c
Mixed effect model, in comparison to baseline (no product) reference value of 0. Calculation based on average of 1,000 bootstrap samples.
d
Negative Log p24 values indicate protection from HIV infection compared to no product control; positive values indicate increased HV infectivity.