Table 5. Survival analysis of time to promotion from assistant to associate rank by gender (cohorts 1–3).
| Variable | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cox PH | Gompertz model w/ gamma frailty | Cox PH (discipline-specific effects) | Gompertz model w/ gamma frailty (discipline-specific effects) | Cox PH (cohort-specific effects) | ||||||
| Coef. | P > |z| | Coef. | P > |z| | Coef. | P > |z| | Coef. | P > |z| | Coef. | P > |z| | |
| (s.e.) | (s.e.) | (s.e.) | (s.e.) | (s.e.) | ||||||
| Male | .150 | 0.06 | .348 | 0.02 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| (.078) | (.154) | |||||||||
| Constant | - | - | -5.836 | 0.00 | - | - | -6.235 | 0.00 | - | - |
| (.232) | (.376) | |||||||||
| Gamma | - | - | .928 | 0.00 | - | - | .939 | 0.00 | - | - |
| (.056) | (.058) | |||||||||
| Disciplines | ||||||||||
| Anth | - | - | - | - | .464 | 0.04 | .578 | 0.20 | - | - |
| (.221) | (.455) | |||||||||
| Comm | - | - | - | - | .173 | 0.45 | .377 | 0.39 | - | - |
| (.229) | (.444) | |||||||||
| Econ | - | - | - | - | -.499 | 0.09 | -.489 | 0.35 | - | - |
| (.295) | (.528) | |||||||||
| Geo | - | - | - | - | .402 | 0.22 | .702 | 0.29 | - | - |
| (.329) | (.667) | |||||||||
| Poli | - | - | - | - | .341 | 0.11 | .320 | 0.45 | - | - |
| (.216) | (.422) | |||||||||
| Psy | - | - | - | - | .525 | 0.01 | .643 | 0.10 | - | - |
| (.197) | (.389) | |||||||||
| Soc | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Male × Anth | - | - | - | - | .260 | 0.25 | 1.097 | 0.03 | - | - |
| (.227) | (.498) | |||||||||
| Male × Comm | - | - | - | - | .151 | 0.51 | .140 | 0.74 | - | - |
| (.228) | (.428) | |||||||||
| Male × Econ | - | - | - | - | .604 | 0.03 | .841 | 0.08 | - | - |
| (.272) | (.472) | |||||||||
| Male × Geo | - | - | - | - | .236 | 0.51 | 1.008 | 0.17 | - | - |
| (.356) | (.742) | |||||||||
| Male × Poli | - | - | - | - | .099 | 0.58 | .388 | 0.28 | - | - |
| (.179) | (.360) | |||||||||
| Male × Psy | - | - | - | - | -.110 | 0.49 | -.213 | 0.50 | - | - |
| (.160) | (.319) | |||||||||
| Male × Soc | - | - | - | - | .631 | 0.00 | .975 | 0.02 | - | - |
| (.208) | (.404) | |||||||||
| Cohorts | ||||||||||
| Cohort 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | -.096 | 0.52 |
| (.150) | ||||||||||
| Cohort 2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | -.006 | 0.96 |
| (.150) | ||||||||||
| Cohort 3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Male × Cohort 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | .224 | 0.09 |
| (.132) | ||||||||||
| Male × Cohort 2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | .186 | 0.20 |
| (.144) | ||||||||||
| Male × Cohort 3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | .057 | 0.67 |
| (.133) | ||||||||||
| Frailty term | ||||||||||
| Theta | - | 2.625 | - | 2.614 | - | |||||
| (.295) | (.301) | |||||||||
| LR χ2 (θ = 0) | - | 301 | - | 289 | - | |||||
| P > χ2 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - | |||||
| N subjects | 1332 | 1332 | 1332 | 1332 | 1332 | |||||
| N failures | 684 | 684 | 684 | 684 | 684 | |||||
| Log-likelihood | -4326 | -811 | -4307 | -798 | -4325 | |||||
| LR χ2 | 3.70 | 5.08 | 41.54 | 31.75 | 5.20 | |||||
| P > χ2 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.39 | |||||
| AIC | 8655 | 1631 | 8641 | 1628 | 8661 | |||||
Note: Discipline abbreviations: Anth (Anthropology), Comm (Communication), Econ (Economics), Geo (Geography), Poli (Political Science), Psy (Psychology), Soc (Sociology).