Table 1.
Features the oral CMN previously reported in the English literature
| Authors | Age | Gender | Clinical features | Histopathology | Immunohistochemistry | Management/outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allen and Pellegrini [6] | 3-year-old | Female | Dark brown plaque with uniform margins; located at the right posterior mandibular lingual gingiva; not noticed previously; dimensions: 0.8 × 1.5 cm | Intramucosal sheets of melanocytes just beneath the oral mucosa epithelium, extending to the deep margin of the sample; melanin deposits; no cellular atypia or mitosis | Not performed | Excisional biopsy with no recurrence after 6 months follow-up |
| Takeda [7] | 7-year-old | Female | Brownish-black, well-circumscribed tumor; located at upper labial mucosa; noticed since birth; dimensions: 0.65 × 0.7 cm | Intramucosal nests of ovoid-shaped nevus cells, extending from lamina propria to deep submucosal connective tissue; scattered multinucleated giant cells; no cellular atypia or mitosis; hyperplasia of the oral mucosa epithelium | Not performed | Excisional biopsy with no recurrence after 3 years follow-up |
| Rose et al. [8] | 19-year-old | Female | Multiple and widespread pigmented papules, nodules and tumors; located at lower back, trunk, palms, soles, face and buccal mucosa; noticed since birth; dimensions: 20 cm (lower back) and 0.5–5 cm (other sites); the specific features of the oral mucosa lesion were not specified | Performed only in skin lesion samples; intradermal, round to oval, monomorphous melanocytes arranged in nodular and plexiform patterns; few scattered spindle-shaped melanocytes; melanin deposits; splaying of melanocytes between collagen fibers | Performed only in skin lesion samples: S-100 (positive) HMB-45 (negative) |
Excision of 3 representative skin nodules for histopathology and immunohistochemistry; no follow-up |
| Gilbert et al. [9] | 19-year-old | Female | Well-demarcated circular plaque, predominantly erythematous with scattered brown pigmentation; located at palatal mucosa; noticed since 3 months of age; dimensions: 1.2 × 1.1 × 0.3 cm | Intramucosal sheets of mature nevus cells extending deep in the lamina propria and around salivary gland ducts and nerves; melanin deposits; scattered multinucleated giant cells; no cellular atypia or mitosis; papillomatous oral mucosa epithelium | melan A (positive) HMB-45 (scanty-positive) Ki-67 (scanty-positive) |
Incisional biopsy followed by excisional biopsy; no follow-up |
| Marangon Junior et al. (current case) | 16-year-old | Female | Diffuse swelling showing papular surface, scattered pigmented areas and ill-defined borders; located at the left buccal mucosa extending to alveolar mucosa and retromolar triangle; noticed since childhood; dimensions: 5 × 4 cm | Dense diffuse intramucosal infiltrate of small monomorphous melanocytes, arranged in a band-like pattern; splaying of melanocytes between collagen fibers; no cellular atypia or mitosis; no melanin in basal cells or melanocytic hyperplasia; hyperplasia of the oral mucosa epithelium | HMB-45 (negative) FASN (positive) S-100 (positive) bcl-2 (positive) Ki-67 (<1 %) |
Incisional biopsy; no surgical excision; no significant changes after 11 years follow-up |
The current case was also included