Fig. 4.

ExoY⁺ infection increases cGMP and cUMP but not cAMP or cCMP production in PMVECs in a time-dependent manner. PMVECs were inoculated with ExoY⁺ bacterial strain in HBSS for 6 h at an MOI of 20:1. A: inoculation with ExoY⁺ does not increase cAMP beyond baseline levels during the 6-h time course. B: beginning as early as 3 h after inoculation with ExoY⁺, cGMP levels increased in a time-dependent manner from ∼8 to 1,700 pmol/mg protein. C: beginning at 6 h after inoculation with ExoY⁺, cUMP levels increased from ∼17 to 380 pmol/mg protein. D: inoculation with ExoY⁺ does not increase cCMP beyond baseline levels during the 6-h time course. Values are averages (y-axes are on a log scale) from 3 independent experiments with error bars representing SD. One-way ANOVA paired with Tukey's post hoc test was used to determine statistical significance at each time point compared with control. *P < 0.05. Absence of * indicates there was no statistical significance between groups analyzed.