Quantification of keratinocyte scratch assays of cell migration and insulin bioactivity. (A) Rate of scratch closure following stimulation by media from empty microspheres (control) and insulin-containing conditioned media sampled from MR and μs RIN-m cells on days 1, 7, and 21 (μs-R1, μs-R7, and μs-R21, respectively). (B) Rate of scratch closure following stimulation by media from empty microspheres (control) and insulin-containing conditioned media sampled from MA and μs AtT-20ins cells on days 1, 7, and 21 (μs-A1, μs-A7, and μs-A21). Both cell types accelerated scratch closure, although conditioned media from RIN-m cells demonstrated a more profound effect on scratch closure than conditioned media from AtT-20ins. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between the indicated condition(s) and control. Error bars show standard error of mean.