Table 3.
Adjusted mean difference in one-month recovery associated with sex and baseline perceived stress
| Recovery outcome (measured by improvement between baseline and one- month follow-up)* | Sample average recovery†
|
Before adjustment for baseline perceived stress‡
|
After adjustment for baseline perceived stress‡
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | Female | Perceived stress
|
|||
| Mean (SD) | (versus Male) | (versus Male) | Moderate (versus Low) | High (versus Low) | |
| Angina frequency | 4.8 (24.0) | −1.14 (−2.66, 0.37) | −1.00 (−2.52, 0.52) | −1.83 (−3.47, −0.18) | −1.60 (−3.57, 0.37) |
| Angina-related physical limitation | 8.2 (27.4) | −1.88 (−3.52, −0.23) | −1.71 (−3.37, −0.06) | −1.28 (−3.08, 0.51) | −2.06 (−4.20, 0.09) |
| Angina-related quality of life | 11.3 (28.2) | −3.96 (−5.97, −1.96) | −3.63 (−5.64, −1.62) | −3.50 (−5.68, −1.33) | −4.09 (−6.71, −1.46) |
| SF-12 PCS score | −2.1 (11.6) | −2.25 (−3.16, −1.34) | −2.18 (−3.09, −1.26) | −0.40 (−1.39, 0.58) | −0.93 (−2.11, 0.25) |
| SF-12 MCS score | 3.9 (12.5) | −2.88 (−3.78, −1.99) | −2.72 (−3.61, −1.83) | −1.96 (−2.96, −0.96) | −3.66 (−4.93, −2.38) |
| EQ-5D utility index score | 0.1 (0.2) | −0.04 (−0.05, −0.02) | −0.03 (−0.05, −0.02) | −0.005(−0.02, 0.01) | −0.02 (−0.04, −0.01) |
| EQ-5D visual analog scale | 6.3 (22.9) | −2.24 (−3.87, −0.60) | −1.79 (−3.43, −0.15) | −2.70 (−4.48, −0.93) | −5.39 (−7.54, −3.24) |
SD = standard deviation; PCS = physical component summary; MCS = mental component summary; EQ-5D = Euro-Qol.
Recovery was assessed as change in each measure between baseline and one-month follow-up. A positive change score indicates improvement in symptoms, function, or quality of life, while a negative score indicates deterioration in symptoms, function, or quality of life.
Sample average recovery reflects the mean (SD) of the change score in each measure between baseline and one-month follow-up for all participants in the sample.
Model also adjusted for patient sociodemographic characteristics (age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status), smoking status, social support, baseline health condition, severity of acute myocardial infarction, pre-hospital delay in presentation, procedure and quailty of care received during index hospitalization, country, and the corresponding baseline value of the outcome variable. Results are reported as coefficient estimate (95% confidence interval).