Characterization of SoxC expression vectors in HEK cells. (A) A schematic representation of an adenoviral expression construct shows the coding sequence for Sox4 or Sox11 driven by a cytomegaloviral promoter (CMV). The construct also includes the coding sequence for RFP following an internal ribosome-entry site (IRES). (B) Gel electrophoresis of Sox4, Sox11, and Gapdh cDNA fragments amplified by PCR demonstrates that Sox4 and Sox11 expression is induced in HEK cells upon transfection with the construct shown in A. The level of Gapdh expression, used as a control, remains constant. (C) Immunolabeling for Sox4 (green) in HEK cells transfected with Ad-Sox4-RFP (red) demonstrates that Sox4 is expressed specifically in transfected cells. All nuclei are labeled blue. (Scale bar, 25 μm.) (D) An identical preparation of HEK cells transfected with Ad-Sox11-RFP (red) demonstrates Sox11 immunolabeling (green) in the transfected cells.