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. 2014 Jun 2;12(1):40–52. doi: 10.1038/cmi.2014.24

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Effect of immunosuppressive drugs on VEGF release by neutrophils. Neutrophils were pre-treated with CsA (10, 100, 1000 ng/ml), TAC (1, 10, 100 ng/ml), MPA (20, 200, 2000 ng/ml), SIR (1, 10, 50 ng/ml) or EVE (1, 10, 100 ng/ml) for 30 min prior to agonist (fMLP, LPS or TNF-α) stimulation for 2 h. VEGF was quantified by ELISA. Data are presented as the mean±s.e.m. of at least three independent experiments. *P<0.05 and ***P<0.001 compared with PBS-treated neutrophils. ∫P<0.05, ∫∫P<0.01; ∫∫∫P<0.001 compared with the respective neutrophils without ID pre-treatment. CsA, cyclosporine A; EVE, everolimus; fMLP, Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe; ID, immunosuppressive drug; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; MPA, mycophenolate acid; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; SIR, sirolimus; TAC, tacrolimus; TNF-α, tumor-necrosis factor-α VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.