Table 2.
Daily energy and macronutrient intakes of the MASALA study participants according to length of residence in the USA†
| Length of residence in the USA | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st tertile (n 298) | 2nd tertile (n 293) | 3rd tertile (n 283) | |||||
| Nutrient (/d) | Mean | se | Mean | se | Mean | se | P for trend |
| Energy (kJ) | 7373* | 126 | 7017 | 120 | 6734 | 135 | 0·0004 |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 251* | 1·48 | 248* | 1·42 | 240 | 1·59 | 0·0001 |
| Carbohydrate (% of energy) | 57·4* | 0·35 | 56·7 | 0·33 | 55·0 | 0·37 | <0·0001 |
| Protein (g) | 62·6* | 0·57 | 61·8 | 0·54 | 61·0 | 0·61 | 0·04 |
| Protein (% of energy) | 14·9* | 0·13 | 14·6 | 0·12 | 14·4 | 0·14 | 0·02 |
| Total fat (g) | 53·1* | 0·55 | 54·6* | 0·53 | 56·7 | 0·59 | 0·0003 |
| Saturated fat (g) | 14·6 | 0·27 | 14·7 | 0·24 | 15·5 | 0·27 | 0·04 |
| Polyunsaturated fat (g) | 12·0 | 0·16 | 12·2 | 0·16 | 12·3 | 0·18 | 0·36 |
| Trans fat (g) | 0·11* | 0·01 | 0·13 | 0·01 | 0·15 | 0·01 | 0·003 |
| Total fat (% of energy) | 28·3* | 0·30 | 29·1* | 0·29 | 30·3 | 0·32 | <0·0001 |
| Dietary cholesterol (mg) | 102* | 4·74 | 102* | 4·22 | 122 | 4·74 | 0·001 |
| Dietary fibre (g) | 20·8* | 0·28 | 21·1* | 0·26 | 19·8 | 0·30 | 0·02 |
| n-3 Fatty acids (mg) | 0·14 | 0·01 | 0·14 | 0·01 | 0·13 | 0·01 | 0·78 |
| n-6 Fatty acids (mg) | 0·34 | 0·01 | 0·37 | 0·01 | 0·39 | 0·01 | 0·04 |
| Glycaemic index | 41·2* | 0·36 | 39·8 | 0·34 | 39·4 | 0·39 | 0·001 |
| Glycaemic load | 93·1* | 1·12 | 89·1* | 1·06 | 85·4 | 1·20 | <0·0001 |
MASALA, Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America.
*Mean value was significantly different from that of the third tertile of length of residence in the USA: P<0·05.
†
Variables are reported as mean and standard error, adjusted for age, sex and energy intake, except for energy intake itself. Differences between groups were examined using generalized linear models using Dunnett’s adjustment for multiple comparisons.