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. 2015 Nov 8;2015:329607. doi: 10.1155/2015/329607

Table 3.

Fatty acids and phospholipids. AUC: Area Under the Curve; ASD: Autistic Spectrum Disorder; HC: healthy controls; SD: standard deviation; AA: arachidonic acid; DHA: docosahexaenoic acid; EPA: eicosapentaenoic acid.

Lab test Increase Decrease P values Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Diagnosis Age (Y):
range (mean ± SD)
Number
M/F
Control group Country Biologic sample Technique Reference
Cut-off values Sensitivity Specificity AUC
AA/DHA <0.001 0.66 100.0% 84.6% 0.977 Gas chromatography
(EPA)/AA <0.001 1.07 93.8% 84.6% 0.937 Gas chromatography
Phosphatidyl-serine (mmol/L) <0.001 0.068 100.0% 93.7% 0.998 HPLC
Phosphatidylcholine (mmol/L) <0.001 1.619 80.0% 75.0% 0.825 HPLC
Linoleic acid/AA 0.03 0.69 60.0% 84.6% 0.592 Autism 4–12 25 HC Saudi Arabia Plasma Gas chromatography [42]
Alpha-linolenic acid/DHA 0.004 0.57 90.9% 61.5% 0.713 Gas chromatography
EPA/DHA = = ns 0.39 100.0% 46.2% 0.658 Gas chromatography
Phosphatidylethanolamine
(mmol/L)
0.002 0.037 80.0% 75.0% 0.806 HPLC

Valeric acid (mmol/L) <0.001 0.196 100% 100% 1.000
Acetic acid <0.001 0.684 92.3% 92.3% 0.985
Lauric acid <0.001 1.214 100% 100% 1.000 Autism 4–12 26 HC Saudi Arabia
ASD
Plasma Gas chromatography [43]
Arachidonic acid <0.001 0.271 100% 100% 1.000
Oleic acid <0.001 0.463 100% 100% 1.000