Table 2.

Bacterial strains used and their features

Strains	Features and References
Escherichia coli
ATCC10536	Reference strain
AG100	Wild-type E. coli K-12	[54]
AG100A	AG100 ΔacrAB::KANR	[34, 54, 55]
AG100ATET	ΔacrAB mutant AG100, with over-expressing acrF gene; TETR	[54]
AG102	ΔacrAB mutant AG100, owing acrF gene markedly over-expressed; TETR	[56, 57]
MC4100	Wild type E. coli	[58]
W3110	Wild type E. coli	[58, 59]
Enterobacter aerogenes
ATCC13048	Reference strains
CM64	CHLR resistant variant obtained from ATCC13048 over-expressing the AcrAB pump	[60]
EA3	Clinical MDR isolate; CHLR, NORR, OFXR, SPXR, MOXR, CFTR, ATMR, FEPR	[61, 62]
EA27	Clinical MDR isolate exhibiting energy-dependent norfloxacin and chloramphenicol efflux with KANR AMPR NALR STRR TETR	[61, 62]
EA289	KAN sensitive derivative of EA27	[63]
EA294	EA289 acrA::KANR	[63]
EA298	EA 289 tolC::KANR	[63]
Enterobacter cloacae
ECCI69	Clinical MDR isolates, CHLR	[7]
BM67	Clinical MDR isolates, CHLR	[7]
Klebsiella pneumoniae
ATCC12296	Reference strains
KP55	Clinical MDR isolate, TETR, AMPR, ATMR, CEFR	[64]
KP63	Clinical MDR isolate, TETR, CHLR, AMPR, ATMR	[64]
K24	AcrAB-TolC, Laboratory collection of UNR-MD1, University of Marseille, France	[7]
K2	AcrAB-TolC, Laboratory collection of UNR-MD1, University of Marseille, France	[7]
Providencia stuartii		[65]
NEA16	Clinical MDR isolate, AcrAB-TolC
ATCC29916	Clinical MDR isolate, AcrAB-TolC
PS2636	Clinical MDR isolate, AcrAB-TolC
PS299645	Clinical MDR isolate, AcrAB-TolC
Pseudemonas aeruginosa
PA 01	Reference strains
PA 124	MDR clinical isolate	[66]

^aAMP, ATM^R, CEF^R, CFT^R, CHL^R, FEP^R, KAN^R, MOX^R, STR^R, TET^R. Resistance to ampicillin, aztreonam, cephalothin, cefadroxil, chloramphenicol, cefepime, kanamycin, moxalactam, streptomycin, and tetracycline; MDR Multidrug resistant