. 2015 Nov 22;15:412. doi: 10.1186/s12906-015-0944-5

Table 5.

MIC of antibiotics after the association of the extract of Newbouldia laevis and Polysicas fulva at MIC/2 and MIC/5 against selected MDR bacteria

Antibiotics^a	Extract and concentration	Bacterial strains^b, MIC (μg/mL) of antibiotics in the absence and presence of the extract and FIC in parenthesis									PBSS (%)
		AG102	AG100ATET	EA27	CM64	KP55	NAE16	BM67	PA01	PA124
	Newbouldia laevis
CIP	0	4	64	4	64	4	128	32	16	32
	MIC/2	4 (1)^I	64 (1)^I	2 (0.50)^S	32 (0.50)^S	4 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	16 (0.50)^S	16 (1)^I	32(1)^I	3/9 (27.27 %)
	MIC/5	4 (1)^I	64 (1)^I	2 (0.50)^S	64 (1)^I	4 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	32 (1)^I	16 (1)^I	32(1)^I	1/9 (11.11 %)
TET	0	8	64	64	32	2	64	32	64	16
	MIC/2	4 (0.50)^S	16 (0.25)^S	32 (0.50)^S	4 (0.13)^S	2 (1)^I	32 (0.50)^S	16 (0.50)^S	32 (0.50)^S	8(0.50)^S	8/9 (88.89 %)
	MIC/5	8 (1)^I	32 (0.50)^S	64 (1)^I	8 (0.25)^S	0.50 (0.25)^S	64 (1)^I	32 (1)^I	64 (1)^I	8(0.50)^S	4/9 (36.36 %)
KAN	0	-	16	128	4	16	16	64	4	128
	MIC/2	4 (˂0.03)^S	8 (0.50)^S	64 (0.50)^S	2 (0.50)^S	16 (1)^I	8 (0.50)^S	32 (0.50)^S	2 (0.50)^S	32(0.25)^S	8/9 (88.89 %)
	MIC/5	64 (˂0.50)^S	16 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	4 (1)^I	1 (0.06)^S	8 (0.50)^S	32 (0.50)^S	4 (1)^I	64(0.50)^S	5/9 (55.55 %)
AMP	0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	MIC/2	-(≥1)	-(≥1)	256 (˂1)^S	-(≥1)	-(≥1)	256 (˂1)^S	-(≥1)	-(≥1)	-(>1)	2/9 (22.22 %)
	MIC/5	-(≥1)	-(≥1)	-(≥1)	-(≥1)	256 (˂1)^S	- (≥1)	-(≥1)	-(≥1)	-(>1)	1/9 (11.11 %)
CHL	0	32	64	64	-	8	64	128	16	128
	MIC/2	16 (0.50)^S	32 (0.50)^S	64 (1)^I	64 (˂0.25)^S	4 (0.50)^S	16 (0.25)^S	32 (0.25)^S	4 (0.25)^S	128(1)^I	7/9 (77.78 %)
	MIC/5	32 (1)^I	64 (1)^I	64 (1)^I	128 (˂0.50)^S	1 (0.13)^S	32 (0.50)^S	64 (0.50)^S	16 (1)^I	128(1)^I	4/9 (36.36 %)
	Polyscias fulva
CIP	0	4	64	4	64	4	128	32	16	32
	MIC/2	4 (1)^I	64 (1)^I	2 (0.50)^S	64 (1)^I	4 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	2 (0.06)^S	8 (0.50)^S	32(1)^I	3/9 (27.27 %)
	MIC/5	4 (1)^I	64 (1)^I	2 (0.50)^S	64 (1)^I	4 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	4 (0.13)^S	16 (1)^I	32(1)^I	2/9 (22.22 %)
TET	0	8	64	64	32	2	64	32	64	16
	MIC/2	2 (0.25)^S	32 (0.50)^S	32 (0.50)^S	4 (0.13)^S	<0.50 (<0.25)^S	32 (0.50)^S	8 (0.25)^S	2 (0.03)^S	8(0.50)^S	9/9 (100 %)
	MIC/5	4 (0.50)^S	64 (1)^I	32 (0.50)^S	16 (0.50)^S	2 (1)^I	32 (0.50)^S	32 (1)^I	32 (0.50)^S	8(0.50)^S	6/9 (66.67 %)
KAN	0	-	16	128	4	16	16	64	4	128
	MIC/2	8(˂0.06)^S	8 (0.50)^S	64 (0.50)^S	2 (0.50)^S	2 (0.13)^S	8 (0.50)^S	32 (0.50)^S	<1 (<0.25)^S	64(0.50)^S	9/9 (100 %)
	MIC/5	64 (˂0.50)^S	16 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	4 (1)^I	16 (1)^I	8 (0.50)^S	32 (0.50)^S	4 (1)^I	64(0.50)^S	4/9 (36.36 %)
AMP	0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	MIC/2	128 (˂0.50)^S	-(≥1)	256 (˂1)^S	-(≥1)	256 (˂1)^S	256 (˂1)^S	-(≥1)	256 (˂1)^S	-(>1)	5/9 (55.55 %)
	MIC/5	256 (˂1)^S	-(≥1)	-(≥1)	-(≥1)	-(≥1)	-(˃1)	-(≥1)	-(≥1)	-(>1)	1/9 (11.11 %)
CHL	0	32	64	64	-	8	64	128	16	128
	MIC/2	16 (0.50)^S	64 (1)^I	64 (1)^I	128 (˂0.50)^S	4 (0.50)^S	8 (0.13)^S	64 (0.50)^S	2 (0.13)^S	64(0.50)^S	7/9 (77.78 %)
	MIC/5	32 (1)^I	64 (1)^I	64 (1)^I	256 (˂1)^S	4 (0.50)^S	16 (0.25)^S	64 (0.50)^S	16 (1)^I	64(0.50)^S	5/9 (55.55 %)

^aAntibotics [TET tetracycline, CIP ciprofloxacin, KAN kanamycin, CHL chloramphenicol, AMP ampicillin]. ^bBacterial strains: Escherichia coli [AG102, AG100Atet], Pseudomonas aeruginosa [PA01, PA124], Enterobacter aerogenes [CM64, EA27], Enterobacter cloacae [BM67], Klebsiella pneumoniae [KP55], Providencia stuartii [NAE16]. ^c PBSS percentage of bacteria strain on which synergism has been observed, NA not applicable

(): fold increase in MIC values of the antibiotics after association with plants extract, S synergy, I indifference, na not applicable, FIC fractional inhibitory concentration, (−): >256 μg/mL, 0: no extract (only antibiotic tested)