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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neuropharmacology. 2015 Aug 6;99:500–509. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.08.007

Figure 2. Effects of valproate (VPA) on PTZ kindling.

Figure 2

(A) Mice were kindled with PTZ in the presence of VPA or saline. After VPA washout, the seizure thresholds to PTZ (at D34) were assessed. (B) VPA attenuated kindled seizures (* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.005 vs saline). (C) Effects of a PTZ challenge before (D29) and after (D34) the VPA washout period. At D29 the combination of VPA and PTZ resulted in a significant attenuation of the mean seizure score compared to the saline treated mice (*** P < 0.0001). Mean seizure score in the VPA washout group (D34) was the same as the saline control, but significantly higher than the D29 VPA time point (††† P < 0.0001).