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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Dec 15.
Published in final edited form as: Psychiatry Res. 2015 Oct 9;230(2):567–574. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.09.051

Table 2.

Cognitive, Sleep, and Work Performance in Euthymic Bipolar Participants and Healthy Controls.

Cognitive Functioning Variables Bipolar Control ANCOVA p
CVLT Short Delay Cued Recall 11.04 (3.01) 12.58 (2.38) 4.32 0.04
CVLT Long Delay Cued Recall 11.08 (2.75) 12.37 (2.85) 2.94 0.09
CVLT Short Delay Free Recall 10.54 (2.52) 11.79 (3.02) 1.57 0.22
CVLT Long Delay Free Recall 10.92 (2.46) 11.67 (3.35) 0.73 0.40
CVLT Recognition 14.08 (1.84) 15.08 (1.25) 5.24 0.03
Digit Span Forward 9.71 (1.39) 11.33 (1.69) 8.60 0.01
Digit Span Backward 8.58 (2.06) 9.08 (1.74) 0.12 0.73
Stroop Inhibition/Switching 55.82 (12.81) 50.85 (7.96) 4.76 0.04
Tower Test 15.91 (4.77) 17.04 (2.91) 1.81 0.19

Sleep Functioning Variables

Insomnia Severity Index 10.87 (5.10) 2.58 (2.75) 11.46 0.002
PSQI Onset Latency 1.29 (0.85) 0.50 (0.59) 6.36 0.02
PSQI Duration 0.46 (0.51) 0.17 (0.38) 0.24 0.63
PSQI Disturbance 1.29 (0.86) 0.88 (0.34) 0.60 0.44
PSQI Daytime Dysfunction 1.26 (0.75) 0.38 (0.495) 8.69 0.01
PSQI Efficiency 0.42 (0.50) 0.21 (0.41) 0.05 0.82
PSQI Sleep Quality 1.21 (0.66) 0.29 (0.46) 9.73 0.004
PSQI Total 7.32 (3.23) 2.46 (1.38) 15.32 <0.001
Actigraphy Onset Latency 23.25 (14.11) 22.87 (15.51) 1.27 0.27
Actigraphy Wake After Onset 34.14 (15.23) 34.69 (13.29) 0.01 0.94
Actigraphy Duration 458.43 (69.12) 462.26 (53.10) 0.89 0.35
Actigraphy Efficiency 83.95 (5.23) 84.88 (4.37) 2.14 0.15

Work Functioning Variables

Lifetime Firings 1.13 (1.54) 0.08 (0.28) 17.02 <0.001
Lifetime Unemployment 31.50 (48.66) 7.71 (7.36) 4.70 0.04

Results are presented as means (SD)