Table 1.
| Cytokine/chemokine | Role in breast-cancer-related pain | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| TGF-β | Major regulator of osteoclasts, affecting bone resorption and osteolysis | [15] |
| [18] | ||
| [17] | ||
|
| ||
| IL1R1 polymorphism | Patients carrying the minor allele for a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in IL1R reported less pain before breast surgery | [23] |
|
| ||
| IL1R2 polymorphism | The SNP rs11674595 is associated with the occurrence of persistent breast pain after surgery | [24] |
|
| ||
| IL13 polymorphism | Women carrying the minor allele for a SNP in IL13 reported significant pain prior to breast surgery | [23] |
|
| ||
| IL10 gene haplotype | The haplotype A8 is associated with the occurrence of persistent breast pain after surgery | [24] |
|
| ||
| CCL3 | Paclitaxel-mediated pain | [25] |
|
| ||
| CCR2 | Paclitaxel-mediated pain | [26] |
|
| ||
| CX3CL1 | Paclitaxel-mediated pain | [27] |
|
| ||
| IL10 (serum) | Paclitaxel-induced joint pain | [28] |
|
| ||
| G-CSF | Muscle pain | [29] |