Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Nov 23.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Educ Dev. 2014 Jan 1;34:90–97. doi: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2012.07.003

Table 4.

Models of Literacy, Target Child Sample, 2004.

(1)
(2)
(3a)
(3b)
Baseline, Dichotomous Food Insecurity Socioeconomic Controls, Dichotomous Food Insecurity Prior ability and Achievement, Dichotomous Food Insecurity Prior ability and Achievement, Food Insecurity Severity Index
coef se coef se coef se coef se
Height-for-Age Z 0.142*** 0.034 0.106*** 0.023 0.019 0.021 0.023 0.021
Weight-for-Age Z −0.014 0.031
Food Insecurity −0.524*** 0.094 −0.406*** 0.094 −0.335*** 0.084 −0.102*** 0.037
Age 0.185*** 0.022 0.173*** 0.022 −0.028 0.023 −0.026 0.023
Female −0.242*** 0.049 −0.215*** 0.047 −0.158*** 0.042 −0.157*** 0.043
Wealth Quintiles (Ref.=Poorest) Second 0.131* 0.076 0.046 0.068 0.047 0.069
Third 0.150** 0.076 0.045 0.068 0.048 0.068
Fourth 0.173** 0.076 0.031 0.068 0.043 0.069
Fifth 0.275*** 0.078 0.065 0.071 0.074 0.071
Mother's Education (Years) 0.037*** 0.007 0.014** 0.007 0.014** 0.007
Father's Education (Years) 0.026*** 0.007 0.003 0.007 0.004 0.007
Prior Cognitive Test (2000) 0.012*** 0.002 0.012*** 0.002
Prior Math Achievement (2000) 0.005** 0.002 0.005* 0.002
Prior Language Achievement (2000) 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.002
Grade Attained 0.246*** 0.017 0.245*** 0.017
Constant −2.356*** 0.326 −2.718*** 0.320 −1.978*** 0.321 −2.047*** 0.321

N 1,511 1,526 1,521 1,521
Adjusted r-squared 0.090 0.135 0.308 0.304

Notes:

***

p<0.01

**

p<0.05

*

p<0.1.

Parental education measures are set to 0 if parents have died. Models also include dummy variables indicating if mother died or father died.