Table 2.

Behavior problems and risks in the caregiving environment of former prison nursery resident and separated preschoolers

	%	Prison Nursery (n = 47)			%	Separated (n = 64)
		n	M (SD)	Range		n	M (SD)	Range
Behavior Problems
Aggressivea			12.4 (7.8)	0 – 27			14.2 (8.3)	1 – 33
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivea			5.7 (3.1)	1 – 12			6.3 (3.1)	0 – 11
Anxious/Depresseda*			3.2 (2.4)	0 – 8			4.4 (2.6)	0 - 10
Withdrawn*			1.6 (1.8)	0 - 6			2.3 (2.2)	0 - 9
Ecological Risks
Substance use/problem drinking
Prenatalb	35	16			36	23
Past 12 months	28	13			20	13
Public assistance	87	41			84	54
Elevated parenting distressc
	17	8			23	15
Harsh Parenting
Swore or cursed	36	17			22	14
Physical assault	77	36			80	51
Neglect	11	5			14	9
Risk Scale			3.2 (1.5)	0 - 7			3.2 (1.5)	0 – 7

^aSeparated sample n = 50

^bPrison nursery sample n = 49

^cSeparated sample n = 63

^*p ≤ .05

Note: Risk scale is the sum of maternal education at the child’s birth (1 = less than high school/general equivalency diploma), prenatal substance use, substance use in the past 12 months, current receipt of public assistance, high parenting distress, swearing or cursing, minor physical assault in the past 12 months, neglect in the past 12 months