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. 2015 Feb 10;1:8. doi: 10.1186/s40851-014-0008-6

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© Mizunami et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Effects of OA (A) and DA (B) receptor antagonists on olfactory memory retrieval. Twelve groups of crickets were each subjected to 2-trial appetitive (left) or 6-trial aversive (right) olfactory conditioning trials. On the next day, each group was injected with 3 μl of saline or saline containing 1 μM epinastine, 1 μM mianserin, 500 μM fluphenazine, 500 μM chlorpromazine or 500 μM spiperone at 30 min before the final test. Preference indexes for the rewarded odor (in the case of appetitive conditioning) or unpunished control odor (in the case of aversive conditioning) before (white bars) and one day after (black bars) conditioning are shown with means + SEM. The results of statistical comparison before and after conditioning (Wilcoxon’s test) and between experimental and saline-injected control groups (Mann-Whitney test) are shown as asterisks (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001, NS P < 0.05). Modified from Mizunami et al. [12].