Table 6.

Comparative histopathology of kidney and heart in chickens following chronic oral administration of chlorpyrifos on day 24 and 45

Lesions scored	Groups				P-value
	Day 24 (n=5)		Day 45 (n=5)
	CH	CHC	CH	CHC	Day 24	Day 45
Kidney:
Congestion and haemorrhage	+	+	++	+	NS	NS
Vacuolar degeneration of tubular epithelial cells	+	+	++	+	NS	NS
Focal coagulative necrosis and sloughing of tubular cells	+	+	++	+	NS	0.043
Necrosis of glomeruli	–	–	++	+	NS	NS
Proliferative glomerulitis	–	–	+	–	NS	NS
Heart:
Granular degeneration	+	–	++	+	NS	NS
Infiltration of inflammatory cells	–	–	++	–	NS	0.034

CH= Chlorpyrifos group (0.8 mg/kg bw).

CHC= Chlorpyrifos + Vitamin C group (0.8 mg/kg bw + 100 mg/kg bw).

– = No change; + = mild; ++ = moderate; +++ = severe; mean of lesion score.

Statistical difference between CH group and CHC group was determined by Mann-Whitney U test.

NS= Not significant

Significance assumed at P < 0.05.