TABLE 8.
Occupational Mobility from 1900 to 1920, Immigrants and Natives in Panel
| 1920 |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1900 | White-Collar | Skilled Blue- Collar |
Farmer | Semiskilled | Unskilled | Row Total |
| A. Native-Born |
||||||
| White-collar | 66.71 (138) |
8.10 (17) |
6.67 (14) |
17.14 (36) |
2.38 (5) |
100 (210) |
| Skilled blue-collar | 19.44 (21) |
49.07 (53) |
10.19 (11) |
15.74 (17) |
5.56 (6) |
100 (108) |
| Farmer | 12.63 (24) |
4.12 (8) |
68.95 (131) |
4.74 (9) |
9.47 (18) |
100 (190) |
| Semiskilled | 25.74 (52) |
9.41 (19) |
9.41 (19) |
47.52 (96) |
7.92 (16) |
100 (202) |
| Unskilled | 17.77 (51) |
11.15 (32) |
33.80 (97) |
13.24 (38) |
24.04 (69) |
100 (287) |
| Column total | 28.69 (286) |
12.94 (129) |
27.28 (272) |
19.66 (196) |
11.43 (114) |
100 (997) |
|
|
||||||
| B. Immigrants |
||||||
| White-collar | 55.34 (1,045.44) |
12.49 (235.96) |
7.83 (148.00) |
14.50 (273.89) |
9.84 (185.84) |
100 (1,889.15) |
| Skilled blue-collar | 27.37 (611.59) |
35.84 (800.95) |
9.12 (203.86) |
16.81 (375.59) |
10.86 (242.57) |
100 (2,234.57) |
| Farmer | 12.81 (155.32) |
6.88 (83.45) |
63.20 (766.28) |
7.89 (95.61) |
9.23 (111.87) |
100 (1,212.55) |
| Semiskilled | 29.49 (1,048.43) |
13.16 (467.72) |
8.29 (294.08) |
34.41 (1,223.25) |
14.64 (520.45) |
100 (3,554.67) |
| Unskilled | 21.40 (791.17) |
12.30 (454.81) |
22.69 (838.81) |
20.16 (745.14) |
23.45 (867.13) |
100 (3,697.06) |
| Column total | 29.01 (3,651.95) |
16.23 (2,042.91) |
17.89 (2,251.76) |
21.56 (2,713.50) |
15.32 (1,927.88) |
100 (12,588) |
Note.—Occupations are classified according to the HISCLASS rubric. HISCLASS 1–5 = white-collar; HISCLASS 6–7 = skilled blue-collar; HISCLASS 8 = farmers; HISCLASS 9 = semiskilled; HISCLASS 10–12 = unskilled. Each cell reports the share of immigrants (natives) in a certain occupation class in 1900 (row) and in 1920 (column). In parentheses is the number of cases underlying each percentage. Because the immigrant figures are weighted to reflect population shares in 1920, the numbers of cases in panel B are non-integer.