Table 3.
Changes from Baseline to Post-Intervention in BMI, Medication Regimens, Behavioral and Psychosocial Measures
| MEASURES | Telephone/Print arm N=443 |
Print only arm N=498 |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| BASELINE | POST | BASELINE | POST | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32.3 ± 7.8 (n=431) |
32.2 ± 6.7 (n=349) |
32.0 ± 7.5 (n=493) |
31.9 ± 7.1 (n=389) |
|
| ||||
| DIABETES MEDICATION REGIMENS, n (%) | ||||
|
| ||||
| Diabetes pills only | 212 (47.9) | 153 (34.6) | 242 (48.6) | 189 (38.0) |
| Insulin only | 71 (16.0) | 74 (16.7) | 83 (16.7) | 82 (16.5) |
| Pills and insulin | 113 (25.5) | 111 (25.1) | 112 (22.5) | 98 (19.7) |
| Pills and other injectable | 44 (9.9) | 9 (2.0) | 53 (10.6) | 7 (1.4) |
| None | 3 (0.7) | 9 (2.0) | 5 (1.0) | 18 (3.6) |
| Unknowna | 0 (0.0) | 87 (19.7) | 3 (0.6) | 104 (20.9) |
|
| ||||
| BEHAVIORAL AND PSYCHOSOCIAL MEASURES | ||||
|
| ||||
| Morisky scoreb, mean ± s.d. | 3.1 ± 1.1 (n=442) |
3.1 ± 1.1 (n=366) |
3.1 ± 1.1 (n=493) |
3.2 ± 1.1 (n=404) |
| Morisky Scoreb = 4, n (%) | 225 (50.9) | 190 (51.9) | 235 (47.7) | 209 (51.7) |
|
| ||||
| Diabetes Self-Care (# days per week) c | ||||
|
| ||||
| General diet, mean ± s.d.** |
3.7 ± 2.6
(n=442) |
4.5 ± 2.5
(n=357) |
3.7 ± 2.7
(n=497) |
4.4 ± 2.4
(n=400) |
| Specific diet, mean ± s.d. ** |
4.1 ± 1.9
(n=441) |
4.5 ± 1.8
(n=360) |
4.1 ± 1.9
(n=497) |
4.4 ± 1.7
(n=400) |
| Exercise, mean ± s.d. ** |
2.6 ± 2.3
(n=442) |
3.2 ± 2.6
(n=360) |
2.6 ± 2.3
(n=498) |
3.3 ± 2.4
(n=398) |
| Blood Glucose tests, mean ± s.d. | 4.6 ± 2.8 (n=438) |
4.8 ± 2.6 (n=360) |
4.5 ± 2.9 (n=497) |
4.7 ± 2.6 (n=396) |
|
| ||||
| TV watching, n (%) | ||||
|
| ||||
| None | 8 (1.8) | 10 (2.7) | 10 (2.0) | 11 (2.7) |
| <2 hours/day | 119 (26.9) | 97 (26.5) | 136 (27.3) | 120 (29.4) |
| 2-4 hours/day | 119 (26.9) | 102 (27.9) | 148 (29.7) | 125 (30.6) |
| >4 hours/day | 196 (44.3) | 204 (42.9) | 204 (41.0) | 152 (37.3) |
|
| ||||
| PHQ-8 score, mean ± s.d. ** |
6.3 ± 5.4
(N=443) |
5.7 ± 5.7
(n=363) |
6.5 ± 5.5
(N=498) |
5.8 ± 5.3
(n=400) |
|
| ||||
| Well-being, mean ± s.d.* |
15.3 ± 6.7
(N=443) |
16.0 ± 6.9
(n=366) |
15.0 ± 6.7
(N=498) |
15.9 ± 6.6
(n=406) |
Note: Boldface indicates statistically significant contrasts between baseline and post-intervention values in both study arms
*
p<0.01;
**
p<0.005
a
The “unknown” category denotes a response of “I don’t know” at Baseline; at Post Intervention, the vast majority of the “unknown” (n=191) are participants who did not complete the surveys.
b
Morisky Medication Adherence survey with possible range 0-4, with 4 being most adherent to medication.
c
Data from the Summary of Diabetes Self Care Activities (SDSCA) survey.