Nothern blot analysis of Intergrin beta1, which differentially express in human hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent normal liver tissues, to confirm the Atlas human cancer cDNA expression array. Four paired cases are used to determine these genes expression patterns. Twenty μg RNA is analyzed on a 1.2% denaturing agrose gel and tansfer onto a nylon membrane. 32P-labeled cDNA probes for these genes are hybridized to the RNA-bloted membranes. After stringent washes, membranes are exposed to X-ray film overnight at -70 °C. The same membranes are rehybridized with human β-actin for an RNA loading control. (C, human hepatocellular carcinoma tissue; N, adjacent noamal liver tissue)