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MNNG exposure activates ATM/ATR in Vero cells. Increased phosphorylation of ATM/ATR was observed after 0.2 μM MNNG 2.5 h exposure. One activated substrate mo-lecular weight is about 38 kDa. Pretreatment with 100 μM wortmannin abrogated the upregulation. Positive control 4-NQO 2.5 mM 30 minutes.
