Leakage of vesicles composed of 30 μM POPC (open) and 30 μM POPE/POPG at a molar ratio of 3:2 (solid). Red circles represent surfactins (SF)/iturins (IT)/fengycins (FE) natural mixture, blue triangles represent FE, and black squares represent SF. (A–C) Dye efflux after 1 h, E, as a function of lipopeptide concentration. Dotted lines are to guide the eye only. (D–F) Lifetime of entrapped dye, τE, as a function of lipopeptide concentration. Solid lines simulate τE for ideal homogeneously graded leakage (Eqs. 3 and 4). To see this figure in color, go online.